{"id":6497,"date":"2021-03-31T10:29:45","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T08:29:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/exhibit\/pamietnik-heleny-czulwik\/"},"modified":"2021-08-06T12:42:28","modified_gmt":"2021-08-06T10:42:28","slug":"helena-czulwiks-diary","status":"publish","type":"exhibit","link":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/","title":{"rendered":"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The father of the family, Jerzy Aleksander Czulwik, fought in the Polish-Soviet war in 1919\u20141921. In 1928 he married Sabina Skomorowska. One year later their daughter Helena was born and in 1931 \u2014 Krystyna. Before the war the family lived in Nowogrodek Voivodeship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia, to Orsk located in the Southern Urals. In 1946 they came back to Poland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1938 Helena started her diary, in which she collected her friends\u2019 signatures. She had it while being in exile and after returning to the Motherland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2625\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/?attachment_id=2625\" class=\"wp-image-2625\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-1-1.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2616\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/?attachment_id=2616\" class=\"wp-image-2616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-3.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2613\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/?attachment_id=2613\" class=\"wp-image-2613\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-2.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2619\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/?attachment_id=2619\" class=\"wp-image-2619\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-4.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2622\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/?attachment_id=2622\" class=\"wp-image-2622\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik-5.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2608,"template":"","class_list":["post-6497","exhibit","type-exhibit","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary - Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary - Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-06T10:42:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"590\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"376\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/\",\"name\":\"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary - Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-03-31T08:29:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-06T10:42:28+00:00\",\"description\":\"Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png\",\"width\":590,\"height\":376},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home page\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Collections\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru\",\"description\":\"Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru jest po\u015bwi\u0119cone ludziom, kt\u00f3rzy od ko\u0144ca XVI a\u017c do po\u0142owy XX wieku byli niewoleni i zsy\u0142ani w g\u0142\u0105b Rosji, a p\u00f3\u017aniej Zwi\u0105zku Sowieckiego, jak te\u017c tym, kt\u00f3rzy pod\u0105\u017cali tam dobrowolnie.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary - Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru","description":"Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary - Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru","og_description":"Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia.","og_url":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/","og_site_name":"Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru","article_modified_time":"2021-08-06T10:42:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":590,"height":376,"url":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/","url":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/","name":"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary - Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png","datePublished":"2021-03-31T08:29:45+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-06T10:42:28+00:00","description":"Jerzy Czulwik was one of the Katyn Massacre victims and his wife and daughters were taken to Siberia.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Pamietnik-Heleny-Czulwik.png","width":590,"height":376},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/helena-czulwiks-diary\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home page","item":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Collections","item":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/exhibit\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Helena Czulwik\u2019s diary"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/","name":"Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru","description":"Muzeum Pami\u0119ci Sybiru jest po\u015bwi\u0119cone ludziom, kt\u00f3rzy od ko\u0144ca XVI a\u017c do po\u0142owy XX wieku byli niewoleni i zsy\u0142ani w g\u0142\u0105b Rosji, a p\u00f3\u017aniej Zwi\u0105zku Sowieckiego, jak te\u017c tym, kt\u00f3rzy pod\u0105\u017cali tam dobrowolnie.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exhibit\/6497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exhibit"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/exhibit"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sybir.bialystok.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}